homework+and+labs

** ​ page 432 10-1B Conduction in Action conduct an investigation**
purpose: Test the ability of different types of metal to conduct heat


 * Table: **
 * |||||||||||| **Time (s)** ||
 * **Distance (cm) ** || **Aluminum **  || **Zinc **  || **Copper **  || **Lead **  || **Carbon **  || **Tin **  ||
 * 0.0 || <span style="font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt; msoansilanguage: EN-CA; msoasciithemefont: minor-latin; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastlanguage: EN-CA; msohansithemefont: minor-latin;">0.0 || <span style="font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt; msoansilanguage: EN-CA; msoasciithemefont: minor-latin; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastlanguage: EN-CA; msohansithemefont: minor-latin;">0.0 || <span style="font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt; msoansilanguage: EN-CA; msoasciithemefont: minor-latin; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastlanguage: EN-CA; msohansithemefont: minor-latin;">0.0 || <span style="font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt; msoansilanguage: EN-CA; msoasciithemefont: minor-latin; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastlanguage: EN-CA; msohansithemefont: minor-latin;">0.0 || <span style="font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt; msoansilanguage: EN-CA; msoasciithemefont: minor-latin; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastlanguage: EN-CA; msohansithemefont: minor-latin;">0.0 || <span style="font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt; msoansilanguage: EN-CA; msoasciithemefont: minor-latin; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastlanguage: EN-CA; msohansithemefont: minor-latin;">0.0 ||
 * <span style="font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt; msoansilanguage: EN-CA; msoasciithemefont: minor-latin; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastlanguage: EN-CA; msohansithemefont: minor-latin;">2.0 || <span style="font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt; msoansilanguage: EN-CA; msoasciithemefont: minor-latin; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastlanguage: EN-CA; msohansithemefont: minor-latin;">9.40 || <span style="font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt; msoansilanguage: EN-CA; msoasciithemefont: minor-latin; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastlanguage: EN-CA; msohansithemefont: minor-latin;">2.0 || <span style="font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt; msoansilanguage: EN-CA; msoasciithemefont: minor-latin; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastlanguage: EN-CA; msohansithemefont: minor-latin;">6.0 || <span style="font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt; msoansilanguage: EN-CA; msoasciithemefont: minor-latin; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastlanguage: EN-CA; msohansithemefont: minor-latin;">1.81 || <span style="font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt; msoansilanguage: EN-CA; msoasciithemefont: minor-latin; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastlanguage: EN-CA; msohansithemefont: minor-latin;">23.0 || <span style="font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt; msoansilanguage: EN-CA; msoasciithemefont: minor-latin; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastlanguage: EN-CA; msohansithemefont: minor-latin;">3.0 ||
 * <span style="font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-CA; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-language: EN-CA; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">4.0 <span style="font-size: 16pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-CA; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-language: EN-CA;">​ <span style="font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-CA; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-language: EN-CA; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"> || <span style="font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt; msoansilanguage: EN-CA; msoasciithemefont: minor-latin; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastlanguage: EN-CA; msohansithemefont: minor-latin;">11.5 || <span style="font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt; msoansilanguage: EN-CA; msoasciithemefont: minor-latin; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastlanguage: EN-CA; msohansithemefont: minor-latin;">4.13 || <span style="font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt; msoansilanguage: EN-CA; msoasciithemefont: minor-latin; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastlanguage: EN-CA; msohansithemefont: minor-latin;">10.0 || <span style="font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt; msoansilanguage: EN-CA; msoasciithemefont: minor-latin; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastlanguage: EN-CA; msohansithemefont: minor-latin;">4.08 || <span style="font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt; msoansilanguage: EN-CA; msoasciithemefont: minor-latin; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastlanguage: EN-CA; msohansithemefont: minor-latin;">30.0 || <span style="font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt; msoansilanguage: EN-CA; msoasciithemefont: minor-latin; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastlanguage: EN-CA; msohansithemefont: minor-latin;">8.0 ||
 * <span style="font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt; msoansilanguage: EN-CA; msoasciithemefont: minor-latin; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastlanguage: EN-CA; msohansithemefont: minor-latin;">6.0 || <span style="font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt; msoansilanguage: EN-CA; msoasciithemefont: minor-latin; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastlanguage: EN-CA; msohansithemefont: minor-latin;">13.50 || <span style="font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt; msoansilanguage: EN-CA; msoasciithemefont: minor-latin; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastlanguage: EN-CA; msohansithemefont: minor-latin;">6.0 || <span style="font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt; msoansilanguage: EN-CA; msoasciithemefont: minor-latin; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastlanguage: EN-CA; msohansithemefont: minor-latin;">18.0 || <span style="font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt; msoansilanguage: EN-CA; msoasciithemefont: minor-latin; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastlanguage: EN-CA; msohansithemefont: minor-latin;">10.8 || <span style="font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt; msoansilanguage: EN-CA; msoasciithemefont: minor-latin; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastlanguage: EN-CA; msohansithemefont: minor-latin;">39.0 || <span style="font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt; msoansilanguage: EN-CA; msoasciithemefont: minor-latin; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastlanguage: EN-CA; msohansithemefont: minor-latin;">16.0 ||
 * <span style="font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt; msoansilanguage: EN-CA; msoasciithemefont: minor-latin; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastlanguage: EN-CA; msohansithemefont: minor-latin;">8.0 || <span style="font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt; msoansilanguage: EN-CA; msoasciithemefont: minor-latin; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastlanguage: EN-CA; msohansithemefont: minor-latin;">17.08 || <span style="font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt; msoansilanguage: EN-CA; msoasciithemefont: minor-latin; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastlanguage: EN-CA; msohansithemefont: minor-latin;">9.5 || <span style="font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt; msoansilanguage: EN-CA; msoasciithemefont: minor-latin; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastlanguage: EN-CA; msohansithemefont: minor-latin;">29.0 || <span style="font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt; msoansilanguage: EN-CA; msoasciithemefont: minor-latin; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastlanguage: EN-CA; msohansithemefont: minor-latin;">15.6 || <span style="font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt; msoansilanguage: EN-CA; msoasciithemefont: minor-latin; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastlanguage: EN-CA; msohansithemefont: minor-latin;">54.0 || <span style="font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt; msoansilanguage: EN-CA; msoasciithemefont: minor-latin; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastlanguage: EN-CA; msohansithemefont: minor-latin;">34.0 ||



1. The droplets of wax along the metal bars were melting one by one. Here, heat was transferring from a higher temperature substance to a lower temperature substance. This shows that the bars were conducting heat and that it was being distributed along the bars. 2. a) No, some metals conducted heat better/worse than others. b) <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-CA;"> Copper, Aluminum, Zinc, Tin, Lead, Carbon. 1. Kinetic molecular theory states that the more particles are heated the faster they will move, allowing them to collide. The heat given off from the flame and to the metal bars, allows particles to gain energy. Here, the metal bars give off the heat received from the flame to the candle wax, allowing the wax to gain heat and to melt. 2. A Carbon based mixer would be the safest choice. Carbon is the worst conductor of heat in the options above. It is an insulator, which means it is a bad conductor of heat. This means that it would stay fairly cool making it easy to handle and to mix hot mixtures. <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Due to this experiment I learnt that the rate of conduction is related to kinetic molecular theory. And, how conduction is linked to molecules heating up and moving faster, thus colliding with each other. It also helped me understand the direction of heat transfer, higher temperature areas to lower temperature area. Like, when the flam heated the bars and the wax which were both cool to start with. It also helped me understand that different metals have different rates of conductivity. For example, Copper was very conductive whereas in Carbon was the least conductive. By better understanding this concept I now understand the many uses of it. We can control many safety issues with this in our everyday lives
 * Analyze **<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-CA; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-language: EN-CA;">
 * <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-CA;">Conclude and Apply **
 * <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt;">Conclusion **

-four 8 cm condution bars(steel,brass,copper,aluminum) felt pen wax strip or candles matches hot plate of wood brick or of wood stop watch coloured pen or pencil\crayons
 * materals: **

__** Page 461 Q20 ** a) The albedo of typocail city absorbs heat in buildings and the albedo forest obsorbs heat in the tree and saves it.. b)The best choice of ground cover in order to reduce albedo from a city is Asphalt. c) The asphlat be the best beacuse its dark and it would absorb the most heat and it would have low albedo. d)Type of roof covering would take the longest to cool down at night is tar beacause tar is a dark colour. e)Look at letter D F)The role of condution in a city is roads transfer heat to the cars, cars transfer heat to us and us transfer heat to anything. g)The role of convection in creating an urban heat island is when the air gets hot it raise up and heats up everything when it cools off it bring back everyhing.__ __ <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 90%; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; msoasciithemefont: minor-latin; msohansithemefont: minor-latin;">** Reading Check Pg.426 ** <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 90%; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; msoasciithemefont: minor-latin; msohansithemefont: minor-latin;">A kinetic molecular theory explains that all matter is composed of panicles (atoms and molecules). **<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 90%; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; msoasciithemefont: minor-latin; msohansithemefont: minor-latin;">2. Define temperature. ** <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 90%; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; msoasciithemefont: minor-latin; msohansithemefont: minor-latin;">It’s a measure of the average Kinetic energy of all particles in a sample of matter <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 90%; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; msoasciithemefont: minor-latin; msohansithemefont: minor-latin;">The three temperature scales are: Fahrenheit, Celsius, and Kelvin. **<span style="color: #fd00ff; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 16pt;">Reading Check Pg.427 ** <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 90%;"><span style="font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 14pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; msoasciithemefont: minor-latin; msohansithemefont: minor-latin; msospacerun: yes;"> <span style="font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 14pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Term that describes the total amount of a solid.liquid or gas is Thermal energy <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; msoasciithemefont: minor-latinmso-hansi-theme-font;">The more kinetic energy (higher-temp) a solid, liquid or gas has, the more thermal energy it has. <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 90%; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; msoasciithemefont: minor-latin; msohansithemefont: minor-latin;">Heat is the amount of thermal energy that transfers from an area or object of higher temperature to an area or object of lower temperature. **
 * What is kinetic molecular theory? **
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 90%; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; msoasciithemefont: minor-latin; msohansithemefont: minor-latin;">3 . Name three temperature scales. **
 * <span style="color: #000000; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; msoasciithemefont: minor-latinmso-hansi-theme-font;">1. What term describes the total amount of energy of a solid, liquid, or gas? **
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 80%; msoasciithemefont: minor-latinmso-hansi-theme-font;">2.<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; msoasciithemefont: minor-latinmso-hansi-theme-font;"> How does temperature relate to thermal energy? **
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 90%; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; msoasciithemefont: minor-latin; msohansithemefont: minor-latin;">3. What is heat? **

Reading Check Pg.428 ** <span style="color: #000000; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; msoasciithemefont: minor-latinmso-hansi-theme-font;">the term that discribes the transfer of heat by direct contact between particles are Conduction. <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 90%; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; msoasciithemefont: minor-latin; msohansithemefont: minor-latin;">The direction of heat transfer High temperature areas to lower temperature areas <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 90%; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; msoasciithemefont: minor-latin; msohansithemefont: minor-latin;">A condutor is a Material that transfer heat easily **<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 90%; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; msoasciithemefont: minor-latin; msohansithemefont: minor-latin;">4. What is the term for a substance with low conductivity? ** <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 90%; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; msoasciithemefont: minor-latin; msohansithemefont: minor-latin;">The term for a substance with low condcutivity is a Insulators.
 * <span style="color: #000000; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; msoasciithemefont: minor-latinmso-hansi-theme-font;">1. What term describes the transfer of heat by direct contact between particles? **
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; msoasciithemefont: minor-latinmso-hansi-theme-font;">2. What is the direction of heat transfer: high temperature areas to lower temperature areas or lower temperature areas to higher temperature areas? **
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; msoasciithemefont: minor-latinmso-hansi-theme-font;">3. What is a conductor? **


 * Bonus Question****Troposphere**: The farther away from the surface the air moves, the less heat there is to absorb.
 * Stratosphere**: Concentrated ozone absorbs ultraviolet light from the sun, increasing temperature.
 * Mesosphere**: Little ozone = less absorbance of the sun.
 * Thermosphere**: Molecular oxygen absorbs the ultraviolet, increasing temperature

PAGE 4521 to 4 reading check 1 jet stream are faster and occur closer to the equator. 2 band if clouds would have indicate the boundary between two air masses 3 a stationary front- no air mass is displaced,and the front does not move 4 when cold air replaces warm air, it is the cold front page 459-11-19 11 there's not enough air(oxygen) and also theres and convection that occurs in the atomsphere 12 photosyathetic micro -organisms produce oxygen gas 13 because the tropashere is bottom layer, the mas of the upper atomsphere compressesse its gas molecules makinq it the denset of all the layers 14 atmosphere pressure close to 100 times greater than our own, condition on venus is harsh 15 16 sea brezzzes occurs when the cold air from the sea meets the warmer air from the land and creates a boundary like a shallow cold front. 17 Insolation controls the vegetation which grows in the area, and therefore the environment that develops. It affects climate, the development of soils, the rate of weathering, the ability to develop agriculture, and therefore population density. 18 a)cold front,warm front b)low pressure c)warm front d)stationary front 19) there would be no west coast, destroying ecosystems.

pg. 460 #6-18
6. Convection would occur in c and d because they both transfer heat and matter. 7. kelvin 8, No because 78% of the air is nitrogen. 9. a) stratosphere b) troposphere 10. the motion of the atoms go slower 11. no becauseit only measures kinetic energy 12. As altitude increases, the density of the air decreases 13.Dense, high pressured air moves outward towards low pressure areas. 14.
 * High Pressure Systems || Low Pressure Systems ||
 * regions of sinking air || regions of rising air ||
 * clear skies and fair weather || rainy clouds and strong winds ||

15. The coriolis effect deflects winds to the right in northern hemisphere and to the left in southern hempisphere. 16.Dark areas in continents will absorb more radiation (high albedo) than areas covered in ice and snow. 17. Tornadoes are formed from an instability in atmosphere while hurricanes are formed when a wet mass of air over the sea evaporates.

=pg 481 6-15= 6. Observations of fossils and sediments, info about glaciers, tree trunk rings. 7.Plant life, soil, geography and climate. 8,In El Nino, surface waters off coas of ecuador and Peru get warm. In La Nina, upwelling brings coller waters to surface in eastern Pacific Ocean. 9. a) it gets warmer b) it gets colder 10. It changes Earth's axis of rotation that'll affect angle of incidence 11. More places would be heated up. 12. It vaporizes rock, hurdled dust, debris and superheated gases into atmosphere, resulting in dusty clouds reflected and absorbed solar radiation that can cause atmosphere to cool down. 13. After 10000 years, the orbit shape gets smaller. If it gets smaller, the earth is closer to the sun, warming Earth. 14. Over time, the glacier would melt and go into the ocean. 15. a) winter b) B because it's in the middle of the earth c) C d) B and C because more sun rays are going towards B and C

=Pg 537 #15 and pg 538 #12-21=

pg. 537
15. a) Composite b) Rift Eruptions c) Shield volcanoes

pg. 538 12. The continental drift theory 13. a) Convergent boundary b) Divergent boundary c) Transform boundary 14. Because continental plates don't subduct when colliding with each other. 15. Mountain ranges begin on a continent, end on a coastline and appear to continue on another continent across an ocean. 16. Magma would just stand still and no volcanoes would occer. 17. Studying volcanoes can help geologists find out how much magma is under the Earth's crust. 18. Because the volcanoes are located near convergent plate boundaries, where subduction occurs. 19. Lava would come out, releasing ash and other chemicals into the atmosphere that might affect the climate 20. Because different seismograms measure different types of ground motion. 21. a) ridge b) crater c) upper mantle d) oceanic crust e) inner mantle